– Robert Grant Aitken, American Astronomer 1864-1951
He discovered 3,000 double star system. He wrote Double Star Measures. A
crater on the moon is named after him.
– Guillaume Amontons, French Physicist 1663-1705
One of the first scientists to study absolute temperature. He developed
some of the first barometers and thermometers.
– Donald L. Ballantyne, American Professor of Experimental Surgery 1922
He was known authority on transplantation techniques. He was first Deaf
Professor of Experimental Surgery and Director of the Microsurgical
Research and Training Laboratories.
– Lewis H. Babbitt, American Herpetologist
He was a curator for the Worcester Natural History Society. He traveled
and gave lectures about repitiles at schools across the nation.
– Frederick A.P. Barnard, American Scientist / Educator 1809-1889
He established an astronomical observatory at University of Alabama. He
was president of Columbia College
– Ruth Fulton Benedict, American Anthropoligist 1887- 1948
As an anthropologist, she studied visual aspects of culture (pottery,
costumes, dance, etc) of Indian tribes.
– Charles Bonnet, Swiss Naturalist 1720- 1793
He was one of the founding fathers of modern biology. He made a great
discovery of reproduction without fertilization in aphids
(parthenogenesis).
– Annie Jump Cannon, American Astronomer 1863- 1941
She was the Dean of Women Astronomers. She classified 1/3 of a million
stars.
– Harold J. Conn, American Bacteriologist 1886- 1975
He discovered that soil bacteria increassed while soil is frozen instead
of decreasing as expected.
– Sir John Warchup Cornforth, British Nobel Laureate in Chemistry 1917
His work was focus on steriod synthesis. He discovered the basic reaction
for the synthesis. He solved the mystery of the nature of enzyme
catalysis. He won the Nobel Prize in 1975 for his work with cholesterol.
– Tilly Edinger, American Paleoneurologist (formerly Johanna Gabrielle
Ottelie) 1897 1967
She studied fossils in Germany and America. She brought two diverse areas
of paleontology and neurology together.
– Thomas Alva Edison, American Inventor 1847- 1931
The greatest American inventor. His patents included the phonograph and
improvements in the light bulb.
– Anders Gustaf Ekeberg, Swedish Chemist 1767- 1813
He discovered tantalum (metal) in 1802. Tantalum is #73 on the Periodic
Table in chemistry.
– Robert J. Farquharson, American Civil War Surgeon 1824-1884
He was appionted by Andrew Johnson as surgeon during the Civil War, Fourth
Tennessee Infantry. He later founded the Academy of Sciences which he was
President in Iowa.
– Sir John Ambrose Fleming, British Electrical Scientist 1849- 1945
He served as consultant to Thomas Edisons company in London. He developed
the rectifier (electric valve). It is known as diode vacuum tube in the
United States.
– John Goodricke, British Astronomer 1764- 1786
He discovered the variation of CEPHEI and other binary stars thus laying
the foundation of modern measurements of the Universe.
– Wilson H. Grabill, American Statistician 1912- 1983
He used pioneering methodoloy that help produce the first ten-year census
report in 1940.
– Anthony A. Hajna, American Bacteriologist 1907- 1992
He became one of the nations authoriatative scientists in enteric
bacteriology. His developmenet of a medium for isolating typhoid bacteria
became recognized.
– Olaf Hassel, Norwegian Astronomer 1898- 1972
He discovered the comet and a nova. The comet was named after him.
– Oliver Heaviside, British Electrical Scientist 1850- 1925
He did much work with telephone signal transmission. The Kennely-Heaviside
layer in the Earths atmosphere is named for him.
– Regina Olson Hughes, Scientific Illustrator 1895- 1993
She illustrated many flower species that scientists collected from all
over the world. She was only deaf artist to have solo exhibiton at the
Smithsonian Institution. She was honored by having two different new
species named for her.
– Henrietta Swan Leavitt, American Astronomer 1868- 1921
She discovered many Cepheids in the magellanic Clouds. She was considered
for the Nobel Prize for her discovery of the period-luminostiy
relationship but she had died of cancer.
– Leo Lesquereux, American Paleobotanist 1806- 1889
He was one of great founders of fossil botany in North America. He
classified and named fossils. He described over 900 species of mosses.
– James H. Logan, American Microscopist 1843- 1917
He acquired a patent for an improvement in the microscope. He donated some
species to schools as well as Gallaudet College.
– Gerald M. McCarthy, American Entomologist 1858- 1915
He was state bontanist in NC until 1893. He built a laboratory to analyze
the quality of drinking water.
– Thomas Meehan, American Botatanist 1826- 1901
He was Dean of American Horticulture. He was honored by having a plant
species named for him.
– Fielding Bradford Meek, American Geologist 1817- 1895
His discovery of fossils was exceptional.
– Dr. Charles Henri Nicolle, French Nobel Laureate in Physiology and
Medicine 1866- 1936
His study of typhus outbreak led to a breakthrough in medicine. He found
that body lice were carriers of the disease
– Nansie Sharpless, American Biochemist 1932- 1987
She broke the barrier down in workforce in chemistry for students with
disabilities. She worked on long-term effects of L-Dopa treatments for
Parkinsons disease.
– Dr. Helen Taussig, American Pediatric Cardiologist
She was involved with Dr. Alfred Blalock in his research with blue
babies.
– Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky, Russian Rocket Pioneer 1857- 1935
He was the Father of Astronautics. He designed air ships and rockets. A
crater was named after him on the moon.
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